목적: The study aims to develop a novel biofabrication strategy for creating artificial esophageal scaffolds to overcome the limitations of current surgical approaches, particularly for the treatment of esophageal diseases and cancer. The focus is on enhancing the mechanical properties and regenerative potential of the scaffolds. 방법:Electrospinning, embedded digital light processing (DLP), and extrusion- based bioprinting techniques were integrated to create the scaffolds. The scaffolds are made of flexible electrospun polyurethane (PU) nanofibers with silk fibroin methacryloyl (Sil-MA) embedded to improve mechanical strength and hydrophilicity. Decellularized esophageal extracellular matrix (eECM) is deposited on the scaffolds to promote tissue regeneration. In vitro and in vivo evaluations, including assessments in a rat model with partial esophageal defects, were conducted. 결과:The PU/Sil-MA/eECM scaffolds demonstrated superior mechanical properties, enhanced cell adhesion, and significant improvements in smooth muscle and epithelial tissue regeneration. In the rat model, the scaffolds successfully integrated with tissue, reduced postoperative complications, and restored esophageal function, including peristalsis and nerve regeneration. 결론:This integrated biofabrication approach offers a promising solution for esophageal reconstruction. By addressing current challenges and enhancing tissue regeneration, the study paves the way for future clinical applications in regenerative medicine for esophageal diseases and cancer.