목적: Our study aimed to analyze the phenotypic changes in auditory hair cells and the alterations of gene expression levels by nano-plastic accumulation in zebrafish. 방법:(1) Zebrafish maintenance: Wild-type zebrafish adults and Brn3c: mGFP transgenic zebrafish were raised and maintained in an automatic circulation aquarium system following a guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. Zebrafish embryos were collected from spawning adult zebrafish after 0.5hpf and cultured using E3-MB solution in incubators at 28±1°C. At 72hpf, the embryos were exposed to 0.1, 1, and 10 μm non-functionalized polystyrene microbeads, which were in the form of aqueous suspensions in distilled water at a concentration of 2.5mg/mL. (2) Single-cell RNA sequencing: We performed that zebrafish embryos treated with nanoplastic particles on day 5 were analyzed by single- cell RNA sequencing. Based on this analysis, the clustered cell proportion was counted after clustering. In addition, representative genes of each clustered cell type were analyzed. (3) Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analyzing: After conducting quality control on single-cell RNA sequencing data, cluster annotations were assigned based on known marker genes obtained from the public database ZFIN. Differential gene expression analysis was performed to identify genes with significant expression differences. 결과:The survival rate of zebrafish exposed to 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/mL of polystyrene (PS) showed no significant differences. To investigate morphological changes during development, confocal imaging of hair cells was conducted, but no meaningful phenotypic alterations were observed in the nanoplastic-exposed group. Nevertheless, analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) revealed expression changes in genes related to hair cells. Genes such as col1a1a, krt5, and fgfbp2b exhibited a significant increase in expression compared to the control group, while genes rpl38 showed a significant decrease. 결론:Nanoplastic particle exposure caused changing genetic expression of hair cells in zebrafish at developmental stages. Further study is needed to investigate the mechanism of hair cell damage. Further study is needed to gain a more comprehensive understanding of how each gene contributes to the onset of diseases through the accumulation of nanoplastics.