목적: To evaluate changes in auditory function in patients treated with short- term regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. 방법:Using a retrospective and prospective cohort study method, we selected 2 groups of patients who were diagnosed with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in our country between 2020 and 2022, using kanamycin injection and bedaquiline, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Audiometry, complete blood count, and some parameters of biochemical tests were performed and the results were calculated using SPSS software. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. 결과:A total of 23 patients participated in the study, 17 of them were injected with kanamycin and 6 of them were administered oral bedaquiline, of which 14 (60.9%) had ototoxicity. Ototoxicity occurred in 10 patients (58.8%) who received kanamycin injections and 4 patients (66.7%) who received oral bedaquiline. The kanamycin group had a 1.4 times greater risk of hearing loss than the bedaquiline group (p=0.736). The mean hearing in the kanamycin group was 5.34 dB greater than the predicted mean in the kanamycin group to be parallel to the bedaquiline group (p=0.496). 결론:Both injectable and oral drugs cause hearing loss, but injectable kanamycin is 1.4 times more likely to cause hearing loss.