목적: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of preoperative auditory rehabilitation using hearing aids in patients with prolonged hearing deprivation. 방법:We retrospectively enrolled 204 patients who underwent cochlear implantation (CI) surgery at age >60 years using a single university hospital database. A total of 135 patients with a duration of deafness (DOD) > 10 years were divided into 3 groups according to perioperative hearing aids: unaided (n=22, 16.3%), aided (n=92, 68.1%, comprising 22 ipsilateral hearing aid and 70 bilateral hearing aids patients), and aided on the contralateral side groups (n=21, 15.5%). We analyzed the highest score on the postoperative sentence recognition test (Max_S) for each group. 결과:Max_S was significantly higher in the DoD < 10 years group (72.38 ± 25.74 vs. 64.09 ± 32.29, p = 0.048). Among the patients whose DoD was ≥ 10 years, the aided group showed significantly better Max_S than the unaided group, (69.84 ± 28.72 vs. 47.86 ± 37.14, p = 0.015). After one-to-two propensity score matching, Max_S was significantly better in the aided group than in the unaided group (73.64±29.10 vs 47.86±37.14, p=0.007). 결론:Our study demonstrated the necessity of hearing rehabilitation, including for the surgical side ear regardless of whether it was beneficial to the hearing level, during the hearing deprivation period.