목적: Postoperative adhesion after thyroidectomy causes functional and aesthetic discomfort in patient. Clinically, we can frequently encounter that it is aggravated with hematoma formation. Aims of this study are to develop post-thyroidectomy adhesion animal (PTAA) model and to investigate the impact of hematoma. Also, the effect of Surgiwrap as anti-adhesive barrier was evaluated. 방법:Neck hematoma of SD rat were induced by isthmectomy without any bleeding control. All rats were allocated into normal control (NC) and 4 experimental groups isthmectomy with surgiwrap (I+SW+), I+SW-, I-SW+, and I-SW-.Two pieces of SW were placed on the superficial layer of deep fascia and visceral layer. The former was for gross evaluation of postoperative adhesion. The latter was for microscopic assessment of adhesion and vertical height (VH) of specimen by en bloc resection of laryngotrachea with overlying strap muscle. Ten animals in each group were sacrificed and evaluated at 1 (n=5) and 4 wk (n=5). 결과:All animals survived the experiment. Group with I-SW+ and I+SW- demonstrated the highest adhesion scores at 1 and 4 wk respectively. Additionally, group with I-SW- and I-SW+ exhibited the lowest adhesion scores at 1 and 4 wk. Adhesion score decreased with time in all groups. The highest and lowest recovery rate of adhesion were noticed in I-SW+ and I-SW-. VH for representing tissue edema increased in all groups at 1 wk highest in I-SW+ and lowest in I+SW-. At 4 wk, all VH decreased except in I+SW- group highest in I-SW+ and lowest in I-SW-. However, I-SW+ exhibited the highest recovery rate. Also, isthmectomy produced the adhesion by dense collagen fiber which was decreased by SW. 결론:We successfully induced PTAA model aggravated by hematoma with simple and safe procedure. I-SW+ group demonstrated the highest and lowest adhesion score at 1 and 4 wk respectively. Meticulous care for minimal fluid collection with adequate anti-adhesive material shall give an aid for post-thyroidectomy adhesion.