목적: We sought to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects and mechanism of tonsil derived mesenchymal stem cells (T-MSC) in a mouse model of eosinophilic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (ERSwNP) 방법:The effect of T-MSCs was evaluated in 32 BALB/c mice that were divided into 4 groups (negative control group nasal polyp group T-MSC group and T-MSC(AD) group (T-MSC incubated with adipogenic differentiated medium)). After induction of OVA- induced ERSwNP model, T-MSCs were administered intravenously (T-MSC and T-MSC(AD) groups) on weeks 5 to 12 (once per week) and subsequent OVA+SEB challenge was conducted until 12 weeks. We evaluated mRNA and protein expression profiles of cytokine, chemokine and adhesion molecules in nasal mucosa, spleen and lymphnode using various methods. 결과:Intravenous injection of T-MSCs significantly reduced allergic symptoms, eosinophil, neutrophil, nasal polyp count and serum OVA specific-IgG1 levels. Moreover, the nasal, lymph node and systemic Th2 cytokine profile and nasal innate cytokines such as IL-25 and IL-33, and chemokines (CCL11, CCL24, Cxcl1, CxCl2, ICAM1 and VCAM1) expression were reduced in T-MSCs injected groups, as compared to the nasal polyp group. Usually T-MSC(AD) group showed better inhibitory effects of inflammation than T- MSC group. In addition, our results showed that the T-MSCs injected groups significantly increased IL-10 and Treg positive cells (CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells) in cervical lymph node, as compared to the nasal polyp group. 결론:We showed the administration of T-MSCs effectively reduced polyp formation, inflammatory cell influx, cytokine profile, chemokine molecule expression, and T-cell subset distribution, suggestive of the mechanism of reduced CRS inflammation and less polyp formation in mouse model of ERSwNP. Therefore, T-MSC treatment is potentially an alternative therapeutic modality in CRSwNP s