목적: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of an artificial esophagus using the omentum as an in vivo bioreactor. 방법:The artificial esophagus was constructed using 3D printing and electrospinning technique, composed of an outer and inner layer of poly(ε-caprolactone). After constructing multiple ring shaped skeleton with 3D printing technique, depositing the inner and outer layer of the PCL scaffold by electrospinning was created. Eight rats were anesthetized using inhaled anesthesia. The artificial scaffolds were seeded into the omentum. The grafts were harvested 2 weeks later and circumferential defects of the cervical esophagus were created and reconstructed with the artificial esophagus. 결과:Groups of rats were sacrificed after the 1st and 2nd weeks. Three rats died of an peritonela infection, or esophageal fistula with wound infection. No gross evidence of a fistula, perforation, abscess formation, seroma accumulation, or surrounding soft-tissue necrosis was observed in the other rats sacrificed after the 1st and 2nd weeks. The artificial esophagus constructs produced complete healing of the circumferential defects by the 2nd week. The fusion of the PCL scaffold and the regenerative tissue remained intact. Histologic and immunostaining analysis of the construct confirmed the presence of a multilayer endothelium on the luminal aspect and deeper fascicles organised tissue composed of differentiated cells and mature fibroblasts without evidence of inflammation or necrosis. 결론:The omentum permitted in vivo maturation of seeded scaffolds with the development of a dense vascularisation that is anticipated to prevent fibrosis and loss of contractility. However, further studies on circumferential defect reconstruction in a rat model are still required.