목적: Although various grafts and materials have been used to promote tympanic membrane (TM) regeneration, all have associated limitations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bioprinted polycaprolactone (PCL)/alginate/mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) scaffold for the promotion of TM regeneration. 방법:PCL fibers were fabricated using a melt-spinning process, and those were coated with 2 wt% collagen. Then, the bioink, a mixture of bone marrow MSCs and alginate, was printed on the coated PCL fibers with a computer-controlled three-axis robot system. Bioprinted scaffold was implanted using onlay technique in subacute TM perforation SP rat model in experimental group and PCL/alginate scaffold was implanted in control group. The morphological properties of TM was evaluated by otomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography, light and confocal microscopy. Audio-mechanical properties were evaluated by auditory brainstem response (ABR) and laser Doppler vibrometer. 결과:We found that bioprinted scaffolds were more effective in promoting an early TM regeneration by otomicroscopy, OCT, LM findings. More significantly improved hearing by ABR and TM vibration pattern by LDV was observed. 결론:From these results, bioprinted PCL/alginate/MSC scaffold may be potential for TM regeneration instead of surgical tympanoplasty.