목적: The immunomodulatory mechanism of MSCs remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects and underlying mechanism of tonsil derived MSCs (T-MSC) on allergic inflammation as compared to adipose tissue derived stem cells (ASCs) in mouse model of allergic rhinitis. 방법:Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from human palatine tonsil (T-MSC) and adipose tissues (ASC), and the surface markers were analyzed. The effect of T-MSCs was evaluated in , 24 BALB/c mice that were randomly divided into 4 groups (negative control group positive control group T-MSC group and ASC group). MSCs were administered intravenously to OVA-sensitized mice (T-MSC and ASC groups) on days 18 to 23 and subsequent OVA challenge was conducted daily from days 24 to 28. Several parameters of allergic inflammation were assessed. 결과:T-MSC and ASC had similar characteristics of surface markers. Intravenous injection of T-MSC and ASC significantly reduced allergic symptoms, eosinophil infiltration, and serum total and OVA specific-IgE. Moreover, the nasal and systemic Th2 cytokine profile and nasal innate cytokines such as IL-25 and IL-33, and chemokines (eotaxin1, eotaxin2) induction were suppressed in T-MSCs injected groups, as compared to the positive control group. In addition, our results showed that the T-MSCs injected group had more inhibitory effects of allergic inflammation than the ASCs injected group, which might be attributed to the higher proliferative activity of T-MSC. 결론:In conclusion, administration of T-MSC effectively reduced allergic symptoms and inflammatory parameters in the mouse model of AR. T-MSC treatment reduced T cell derived Th2 cytokine and OVA specific IgE secretion from B cells. In addition, innate cytokine (IL-25 and IL-33) expression and eotaxin mRNA expression was inhibited in the nasal mucosa, suggestive of the mechanism of reduced allergic inflammation. Therefore, T-MSC treatment is potentially an alternative therapeutic modality in AR.