목적: There are few useful markers for differential diagnosis of CRSwNP. Therefore, we sought to investigate useful surrogate markers for CRSwNP endotyping in Asian patients. 방법:A total of 81 patients (n=45 for non-eosinophilic nasal polyps and n=36 for eosinophilic nasal polyp) were enrolled and the clinical information, CT findings, endoscopic and histological findings were investigated. Tissue samples were measured for mRNA expression of level of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-23p19, TGF-β1, β2,β3, and periostin, and for protein concentrations of total IgE. Immunostaining assessment of Ki67 as a proliferation marker was performed. 결과:Non-eosinophilic CRSwNP showed more localized and maxillary but lesser olfactory involvement on computed tomography in early stage disease, compared to the eosinophilic CRSwNP. In addition, the ethmoidal/maxillary CT scores indicating ethmoidal dominant involvement positively correlated toTH2 inflammatory markers such as IL-5, periostin mRNA expression and total IgE levels in nasal polyp (NP) tissues, whereas it had an inverse relationship with a TH1 cytokine, IFN-γ. In non-eosinophilic NPs, Ki-67 expression, a proliferative marker, was up-regulated, especially in epithelium. Additionally, epithelial in-growing patterns such as pseudocysts were more frequently observed in histologic and endoscopic evaluations compared to eosinophilic NPs. The combination of the cutoff level (2,167) of ethmoidal/maxillary CT scores and the presence of pseudocysts on endoscopic examination yielded a sensitivity of 100.0% and a specificity of 71.0% for the diagnosis of non-eosinophilic CRSwNP. 결론:Herein we demonstrate that the combination of ethmoidal/maxillary CT scores and the presence of pseudocysts under endoscopic view may be used as the surrogate marker to distinguish non-eosinophilic and eosinophilic CRSwNP in Asian patients.