목적: Adequate evaluation of the upper airway is critical in the management of pediatric patients with stridor or extubation failure. For this purpose, we designed an evaluation protocol of the upper airway for these patients, in collaboration with Dept. of Pediatrics, Intensive care team and Anesthesiology. Here we present the clinical results of our evaluation protocol and provide information about the etiology and management of the upper airway problems 방법:Clinical data of 381 pediatric patients (MF = 232149) having airway evaluation for their problems (stridor or extubation failure) were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, patients of age less than 3 months ranked first (29.9%). Comorbidities of pulmonary diseases (30.7%) and cardiovascular diseases (29.3%) were found. The pre and post-evaluation diagnosis, management and prognosis were evaluated and the usefulness of airway evaluation protocol was discussed. 결과:Clinical data of 381 pediatric patients (MF = 232149) having airway evaluation for their problems (stridor or extubation failure) were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, patients of age less than 3 months ranked first (29.9%). Comorbidities of pulmonary diseases (30.7%) and cardiovascular diseases (29.3%) were found. The pre and post-evaluation diagnosis, management and prognosis were evaluated and the usefulness of airway evaluation protocol was discussed. 결론:Adequate evaluation of the upper airway in pediatric patients with stridor or extubation failure can facilitate the diagnosis and management of their problems.