목적: Estimating the efficiency of the different antibiotic regimens in rhinosurgery. 방법:A total of 110 patients, both male and female, average age was 33 year, were examined and randomly assigned to one of three groups a) perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (cefazolin 2g, intravenous, 30 minutes preoperative) - 55 patients, b) five days postoperative antibiotic therapy (perioperative prophylaxis with following postoperative therapy cefazolin 2g, intramuscularly, daily, 5 days) - 30 patients and c) without perioperative prophylaxis - 25 patiens. Spectrum of surgical interventions consisted of FESS, rhinoseptoplasty and turbinoplasty. In all groups antibiotic value in blood serum and nasal mucosa was estimated. All patients were examined before operation and on the 5th day after. Examination included analysis of the patients' subjective sensations (nasal obstruction, olfaction, nasal discharge), results of the nasal endoscopy (mucosal hyperemia, mucosal edema, pathologic discharge), mucociliary time clearance, clinical examinations of systemic inflammatory reactions (hyperthermia, ERS, leukocytosis). 결과:Perioperative prophylaxis showed considerable effect on protective function of the nasal mucosa and degree of postoperative systemic and local manifestations. Comparison of the perioperative prophylaxis with the postoperative therapy did not reveal significant distinction in frequency and intensity of postoperative changes and in functional state of the nasal mucosa. 결론:Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis provides high tissue concentrations of antibiotic, ensures sufficient level of anti-infectious resistance of nasal mucosa and presents the efficient prophylaxis method of postoperative complications.